Alanine Transaminase (ALT), commonly known as SGPT, is an essential enzyme found primarily in the liver. It plays a crucial role in converting food into cellular energy.

When liver cells are damaged or inflamed due to conditions like fatty liver, hepatitis, or alcohol consumption, SGPT leaks out of the cells and enters the bloodstream. A simple blood test measures these levels to assess overall liver health.

Mildly elevated levels can indicate early stress on the liver, while significantly high numbers point to more acute injuries, allowing doctors to detect, monitor, and treat liver disorders early.