The **Anti-Ovarian Antibody (AOA) test** is a blood test that detects autoantibodies targeting ovarian tissue, such as the granulosa cells, oocytes, or the corpus luteum. The presence of these antibodies indicates an autoimmune response where the body's immune system mistakenly attacks its own ovaries.

This test is primarily used as a diagnostic tool in investigating Premature Ovarian Insufficiency (POI)—also known as premature ovarian failure—and unexplained female infertility. By identifying an autoimmune etiology for decreased ovarian function, the AOA test helps clinicians distinguish autoimmune-mediated tissue damage from other causes of reproductive dysfunction.